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ECONOMIC SURVEY 2022-23 ILLUSTRATES SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT IN QUALITY OF RURAL LIVES; HEALTH INDICATORS REGISTER UPTICK
REMARKABLE PROGRESS IN TOTAL FERTILITY RATE, IMR, INSTITUTIONAL BIRTHS, VACCINATION
REDUCTION IN STUNTING, WASTING AND UNDER WEIGHT CHILDREN
The Economic Survey 2022-23 tabled today by Smt Nirmala Sitharaman, Union Minister for Finance and Corporate Affairs has illustrated a significant improvement vis-à-vis 2015-16 in an array of indicators concerning the quality of rural lives, of which most health indicators have registered an impressive uptick. These outcome-oriented statistics establish tangible medium-run progress in rural living standards, aided by the policy focus on basic amenities and efficient programme implementation. This indicates the outcome of some of the important schemes/programmes of the Government in various areas to improve the quality of life in rural areas.
Quality of rural lives – findings from the National Family Health Survey 2019-21
As per the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2019-21, various parameters related to maternal and child health have reported encouraging numbers (as below).
| For Rural Areas | NFHS 4 (2015-16) | NFHS 5 (2019-21) | |
| Population
| Sex ratio at birth for children born in the last five years (females per 1,000 males) | 927 | 931 |
| Total fertility rate (children per woman) | 2.4 | 2.1 | |
| Health
| Households with any usual member covered under a health insurance/financing scheme (per cent) | 28.9 | 42.4 |
| Infant mortality rate | 46.0 | 38.4 | |
| Mothers who had an antenatal check-up in the first trimester (%) | 54.2 | 67.9 | |
| Mothers who consumed iron folic acid for 100 days or more when they were pregnant (per cent) | 25.9 | 40.2 | |
| Institutional births (per cent) | 75.1 | 86.7 | |
| Children aged 12-23 months fully vaccinated based on information from vaccination card only (per cent) | 61.3 | 84.0 | |
| Children aged 12-23 months who received most of their vaccinations in a public health facility (per cent) | 94.2 | 97.0 | |
| Prevalence of diarrhoea in the 2 weeks preceding the survey (per cent) | 9.6 | 7.7 | |
| Children under 5 years who are stunted (height-for-age) (per cent) | 41.2 | 37.3 | |
| Children under 5 years who are wasted (weight-for-height) (per cent) | 21.5 | 19.5 | |
| Children under 5 years who are underweight (weight-forage) (per cent) | 38.3 | 33.8 | |
| Children age 6-23 months receiving an adequate diet | 8.8 | 11.0 | |
| Women whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is below normal (BMI <18.5 kg/ ) (per cent) | 26.7 | 21.2 | |
| Children aged 6-59 months who are anaemic (per cent) | 59.5 | 68.3 | |
| All women aged 15-49 years who are anaemic (per cent) | 54.3 | 58.5 | |
| Men aged 15-49 years who are anaemic (per cent) | 25.3 | 27.4 |
Source: National Family Health Surveys (NFHS) 2015-16 and 2019-21, MoHFW
