<h1>Intellectual Property Rights reform expands access through fee concessions and procedural modernisation, boosting patent and trademark activity.</h1> India's Intellectual Property Rights framework expanded through steep increases in patent grants and trademark registrations, reduction of patent examination timelines via e-filing and electronic processing, and targeted fee concessions and rebates for startups, small entities and recognised educational institutions, supported by outreach and training initiatives and the National IPR Policy to strengthen the national IP ecosystem.