Joinder and amendment of pleadings secure the right to adjudication on merits by permitting rectification of the cause title.

Merger of interim and final orders can render appeals infructuous when a comprehensive supervisory order absorbs earlier relief.

Stamp duty on instruments executed outside state not triggered by mere reference; sanction order not treated as multiple instruments.

Fraudulent preference: related-party transfer pre winding is void ab initio; liquidator may recover and realize the assets.

Issue estoppel precludes relitigation of identical issues in subsequent criminal complaints, leading to quashing of the later complaint.

Appointment of Registrars as adjudicating officers under Companies Act reallocates territorial jurisdiction and sets appeal route to Regional Director...

Rectification of register and duplicate share certificates affirmed; restoration ordered and market value compensation plus costs awarded

Corporate name similarity dispute over a distinctive element leads to quashing of administrative refusal and name registration blocked

Companies Act prosecution: Registrar filed complaint found maintainable, mens rea and non joinder defects led to quashing

Name similarity and fraudulent company incorporation: HC cancels registration and orders fund remittance to liquidation account