Toy balloon tariff classification: functional heading prevails over residual rubber and festive article headings, supporting penalties for deliberate ...
Customs valuation using comparable contemporaneous imports can displace declared value, while missing speaking orders require pursuit before competent...
Foreign customs declarations and importer admissions established undervaluation, supporting sequential value redetermination, differential duty, and m...
Customs seizure safeguards prevent detention-based limitation avoidance and invalidate provisional release conditions for imported vehicles under an i...
Registration of an ECIR under the PML Act is not automatic on the existence of a predicate offence; the authorised officer must form and record reasons to believe, on the basis of materials in possession, that proceeds of crime exist and Section 3 is attracted. An ECIR is an internal document and the statutory decision to initiate proceedings lies with the Enforcement Directorate, so a High Court cannot compel registration merely because a predicate offence appears to exist prima facie. The writ petition seeking such a direction was dismissed, leaving initiation of proceedings to the Enforcement Directorate's independent satisfaction.
Registration of an ECIR under the PML Act is not automatic on the existence of a predicate offence; the authorised officer must form and record reasons to believe, on the basis of materials in possession, that proceeds of crime exist and Section 3 is attracted. An ECIR is an internal document and the statutory decision to initiate proceedings lies with the Enforcement Directorate, so a High Court cannot compel registration merely because a predicate offence appears to exist prima facie. The writ petition seeking such a direction was dismissed, leaving initiation of proceedings to the Enforcement Directorate's independent satisfaction.
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