Commercial vehicle depreciation, scientifically determined warranty provisions and exempt-income disallowances were resolved in favour of the taxpayer...
Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Rule 2(a) of the General Rules for Interpretation applies only where imported goods, as presented, already have the essential character of the complete article. On the facts described, fragmented components were imported in multiple consignments, critical parts such as batteries were absent from the subject shipments, and the Department could not establish consignment-wise correlation showing a complete electric vehicle; reclassification as CKD e-bikes under heading 8711 was therefore unsustainable. The extended limitation period was also unavailable because the dispute was one of classification, the imports were within departmental knowledge, and no fraud or suppression was shown. Confiscation, redemption fine, and penalties failed with the merits and limitation challenge.
Rule 2(a) of the General Rules for Interpretation applies only where imported goods, as presented, already have the essential character of the complete article. On the facts described, fragmented components were imported in multiple consignments, critical parts such as batteries were absent from the subject shipments, and the Department could not establish consignment-wise correlation showing a complete electric vehicle; reclassification as CKD e-bikes under heading 8711 was therefore unsustainable. The extended limitation period was also unavailable because the dispute was one of classification, the imports were within departmental knowledge, and no fraud or suppression was shown. Confiscation, redemption fine, and penalties failed with the merits and limitation challenge.
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