Timing mismatch in income recognition requires verification whether receipts were already taxed in an earlier year; matter remitted for fresh examinat...
FOB transaction value and export incentives: customs valuation cannot override contractual export benefits or support confiscation without valid proof...
Statements recorded under Customs law were treated as admissible in FEMA adjudication where they related to the same transaction; mere retraction did not make them involuntary when they were confirmed before two authorities, no coercion was shown, and the statements were supported by documentary evidence. A Customs settlement granting immunity from penalty and prosecution did not bar separate FEMA action for contravention of foreign exchange law arising from under-invoiced imports and compensatory cash payments. The Tribunal affirmed contravention of FEMA and liability of the individual appellant, but reduced the penalties on proportionality and adjusted the pre-deposit.
Statements recorded under Customs law were treated as admissible in FEMA adjudication where they related to the same transaction; mere retraction did not make them involuntary when they were confirmed before two authorities, no coercion was shown, and the statements were supported by documentary evidence. A Customs settlement granting immunity from penalty and prosecution did not bar separate FEMA action for contravention of foreign exchange law arising from under-invoiced imports and compensatory cash payments. The Tribunal affirmed contravention of FEMA and liability of the individual appellant, but reduced the penalties on proportionality and adjusted the pre-deposit.
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