Independent show-cause notices remain separate proceedings, while customs adjudication challenges should ordinarily follow the statutory appellate rem...
Institutional incapacity in customs settlement proceedings excludes non-functional quorum periods from statutory disposal timelines, preventing automa...
Interactive touchscreen panels with integrated computing functions fall under automatic data-processing machines rather than display monitors for cust...
Ex parte injunction service requirements were substantially met, while civil recovery and SFIO investigation into provident fund defalcation continued...
Enforcement of resolution-plan directions continues without a Supreme Court stay, preventing suspension of redistribution and escrowed-fund distributi...
Third-party ownership claims over attached property require Special Court adjudication where purchasers lack registered sale deeds and bona fides rema...
Pure-agent reimbursements in clearing and forwarding services are excluded from taxable value when qualifying third-party payments are properly record...
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Section 138 of the NI Act is not confined to cheques issued for the drawer's own personal liability; a cheque drawn towards a legally enforceable liability of another person may also attract penal consequences on dishonour. The Court therefore rejected the objection based on absence of privity and the claim that the petitioner was not a party to the underlying consent award, holding that the complaint could proceed on a prima facie basis. Challenges that no amount was due, that the cheque was a gift, or that it formed part of a without-prejudice settlement raised disputed factual defences that could not be resolved at the process stage and had to be tested at trial.
Section 138 of the NI Act is not confined to cheques issued for the drawer's own personal liability; a cheque drawn towards a legally enforceable liability of another person may also attract penal consequences on dishonour. The Court therefore rejected the objection based on absence of privity and the claim that the petitioner was not a party to the underlying consent award, holding that the complaint could proceed on a prima facie basis. Challenges that no amount was due, that the cheque was a gift, or that it formed part of a without-prejudice settlement raised disputed factual defences that could not be resolved at the process stage and had to be tested at trial.
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