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Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Penalty paid to RBI for breach of regulatory directions was treated as a regulatory levy and not as expenditure for an offence or infraction of law under Explanation 2 to section 37(1), so the deduction was allowed. CSR expenditure was disallowed because the record did not show that it exceeded the statutory CSR obligation, and prior decisions based on the pre-amendment position did not apply after insertion of Explanation 2. The Tribunal also reiterated that appellate authorities can entertain fresh claims not made before the Assessing Officer, so the bad-debt recovery issue was remitted to the Commissioner (Appeals) and the PSLC taxability issue was remitted to the Assessing Officer for fresh adjudication.
Penalty paid to RBI for breach of regulatory directions was treated as a regulatory levy and not as expenditure for an offence or infraction of law under Explanation 2 to section 37(1), so the deduction was allowed. CSR expenditure was disallowed because the record did not show that it exceeded the statutory CSR obligation, and prior decisions based on the pre-amendment position did not apply after insertion of Explanation 2. The Tribunal also reiterated that appellate authorities can entertain fresh claims not made before the Assessing Officer, so the bad-debt recovery issue was remitted to the Commissioner (Appeals) and the PSLC taxability issue was remitted to the Assessing Officer for fresh adjudication.
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