Person chargeable with duty must be the importer at importation; subsequent purchasers cannot be held liable where beneficial owner rules did not appl...
Prohibited importation of cosmetics without prior regulatory registration attracts seizure and confiscation; warehousing or re export claims do not cu...
Provisional release on security permitted where cash deposit plus bond secures differential duty; classification and treaty benefits referred for deci...
Customs Valuation Rule Sequence must be followed; single-comparator re-determination and penalties set aside without comparability or proof of mis-dec...
Equivalent-value attachment under the PMLA was upheld because section 2(1)(u) includes not only property derived from criminal activity but also the value of such property, allowing attachment of untainted substitute assets when the proceeds of crime are not traceable. The Tribunal rejected the argument that such attachment is confined to assets held abroad and accepted that prior acquisition of the attached property is no bar if it represents equivalent value. It also found adequate statutory reason to believe, held that the burden shifted to the noticee to show the property was not proceeds of crime, and confirmed the attachment.
Equivalent-value attachment under the PMLA was upheld because section 2(1)(u) includes not only property derived from criminal activity but also the value of such property, allowing attachment of untainted substitute assets when the proceeds of crime are not traceable. The Tribunal rejected the argument that such attachment is confined to assets held abroad and accepted that prior acquisition of the attached property is no bar if it represents equivalent value. It also found adequate statutory reason to believe, held that the burden shifted to the noticee to show the property was not proceeds of crime, and confirmed the attachment.
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