Authentication of paper assessment orders upheld, while qualifying repairs, consumables and vendor advance write-offs remain deductible business claim...
Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Necessary-party requirements limit impleadment of independent entities, while deferred consideration does not create an appealable adverse determinati...
No binding conflict existed among the cited Single Bench orders on conversion of non-bailable warrants into bailable warrants, because each was decided on its own facts and none laid down a rule that an accused in an economic or heinous offence has a matter-of-right entitlement to conversion. One case concerned only the validity of non-bailable warrants and refusal of interim stay, another upheld refusal of conversion on its facts, and a third granted conversion through inherent jurisdiction on the overall circumstances. As no ratio emerged to require reference to a Larger Bench, the reference was left unanswered and the learned Single Judge was directed to decide the matter on its merits.
No binding conflict existed among the cited Single Bench orders on conversion of non-bailable warrants into bailable warrants, because each was decided on its own facts and none laid down a rule that an accused in an economic or heinous offence has a matter-of-right entitlement to conversion. One case concerned only the validity of non-bailable warrants and refusal of interim stay, another upheld refusal of conversion on its facts, and a third granted conversion through inherent jurisdiction on the overall circumstances. As no ratio emerged to require reference to a Larger Bench, the reference was left unanswered and the learned Single Judge was directed to decide the matter on its merits.
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