Arrest safeguards and transit remand requirements invalidated detention following inter-State transfer without communicated grounds or magistrate auth...
Arrest safeguards require disclosed grounds, relative intimation and transit remand, while duplicate prosecution under the CGST framework is unsustain...
Document Identification Number defects can invalidate GST assessments, with delayed challenges entertained conditionally where patent irregularities e...
Windmill commissioning evidence supported higher depreciation where grid connection and electricity generation proved operational use before the relev...
Software expenditure was held to require a year-specific functional test: software forming part of the profit-making apparatus and enhancing system capacity or functionality was treated as capital expenditure with depreciation allowable, while routine subscription-based software was allowed as revenue expenditure. Section 14A disallowance was confined by applying the presumption that investments were made out of own funds where interest-free funds exceeded investments, and Rule 8D(2)(iii) was restricted to investments that actually yielded exempt income; no MAT addition followed where there was no disallowance under Rule 8D(2)(i). Debenture Redemption Reserve was held to be a provision for a known liability set apart for debenture redemption, not an unascertained reserve, and was excluded from book profit under section 115JB.
Software expenditure was held to require a year-specific functional test: software forming part of the profit-making apparatus and enhancing system capacity or functionality was treated as capital expenditure with depreciation allowable, while routine subscription-based software was allowed as revenue expenditure. Section 14A disallowance was confined by applying the presumption that investments were made out of own funds where interest-free funds exceeded investments, and Rule 8D(2)(iii) was restricted to investments that actually yielded exempt income; no MAT addition followed where there was no disallowance under Rule 8D(2)(i). Debenture Redemption Reserve was held to be a provision for a known liability set apart for debenture redemption, not an unascertained reserve, and was excluded from book profit under section 115JB.
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