Food supplement classification requires common parlance and authoritative tests, preventing treatment as proprietary Ayurvedic medicines without suppo...
Specified regulatory authority income receives conditional tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return f...
Tax exemption for regulatory authority income applies retrospectively, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and return-filing...
Input tax credit conditions remain constitutionally valid, with eligible recipient claims considered under GST circulars and retrospective filing dead...
Bogus donation receipts justified commission income assessment and defeated political-party tax exemption for inaccurate accounts and reporting failur...
Pure reimbursement without income element escapes tax withholding, while delayed withholding and unsupported provisions face deferred or renewed scrut...
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NCLAT held that repeated non-deposit of amounts deducted from employees' salaries, which were held in trust for remittance to the employees' co-operative society, attracted fraudulent trading liability under Section 66 of the Code. The appellants admitted the deductions and failed to produce reliable material showing any legitimate use of the funds as working capital. The Tribunal further held that proof of personal gain is not essential for fraud; an act or omission intended to deceive or to injure the interests of the corporate debtor or its creditors is sufficient. The finding of liability and the direction for contribution were affirmed.
NCLAT held that repeated non-deposit of amounts deducted from employees' salaries, which were held in trust for remittance to the employees' co-operative society, attracted fraudulent trading liability under Section 66 of the Code. The appellants admitted the deductions and failed to produce reliable material showing any legitimate use of the funds as working capital. The Tribunal further held that proof of personal gain is not essential for fraud; an act or omission intended to deceive or to injure the interests of the corporate debtor or its creditors is sufficient. The finding of liability and the direction for contribution were affirmed.
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