Authentication of paper assessment orders upheld, while qualifying repairs, consumables and vendor advance write-offs remain deductible business claim...
Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
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A cheque issued in connection with a loan transaction may fall within Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act even if described in the agreement as a security cheque, where the loan has already been disbursed and repayment becomes due on default. The court found that the cheques were presented only after the agreed repayment period expired and that the agreement authorised presentation on non-payment. Applying Sampelly Satyanarayana Rao and Sripati Singh, it held that a security cheque matures for presentation on default when it is linked to an existing legally enforceable debt. The appellate court's contrary view was rejected, the acquittal was set aside, and the conviction and sentence were restored.
A cheque issued in connection with a loan transaction may fall within Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act even if described in the agreement as a security cheque, where the loan has already been disbursed and repayment becomes due on default. The court found that the cheques were presented only after the agreed repayment period expired and that the agreement authorised presentation on non-payment. Applying Sampelly Satyanarayana Rao and Sripati Singh, it held that a security cheque matures for presentation on default when it is linked to an existing legally enforceable debt. The appellate court's contrary view was rejected, the acquittal was set aside, and the conviction and sentence were restored.
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