Specified income of Baddi Barotiwala Nalagarh Development Authority receives conditional tax exemption, retrospectively covering its designated assess...
Specified development authority income receives retrospective tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and return-...
Unified Brand India framework introduces voluntary Trust Mark certification and funding support for export branding, packaging and global promotional ...
Origin Declaration authentication governs preferential tariff claims under India-UK CETA, requiring a validated reference number before import clearan...
Separate assessment orders for different years remain valid when distinct notices and hearing opportunities prevent prejudice from combined proceeding...
Where the documentary evidence attributes the cheque liability to a partnership firm, the statutory scheme requires the firm to be impleaded and served with notice before criminal proceedings against individual partners can proceed; failure to implead the firm and to satisfy those requisites renders prosecution defective and individual conviction unsustainable. The evidential presumption of negotiable-instrument liability is rebuttable; admissions showing firm-related transactions shift the burden back to the complainant to prove a personal, legally enforceable debt, and absence of such proof defeats the prosecution's case.
Where the documentary evidence attributes the cheque liability to a partnership firm, the statutory scheme requires the firm to be impleaded and served with notice before criminal proceedings against individual partners can proceed; failure to implead the firm and to satisfy those requisites renders prosecution defective and individual conviction unsustainable. The evidential presumption of negotiable-instrument liability is rebuttable; admissions showing firm-related transactions shift the burden back to the complainant to prove a personal, legally enforceable debt, and absence of such proof defeats the prosecution's case.
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