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    September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
    Commercial expediency supports interest deductions for strategic group investments, while sufficient interest-free funds defeat borrowing-cost disallo...
    September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
    Functional comparability excludes branded, high-end and outsourced providers from BPO transfer-pricing benchmarking, sustaining adjustment deletion.
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    Section 80JJAA employee-cost deduction allowed for deployed staff but barred against transfer-pricing income enhancement, with pricing issues remanded...
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September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Commercial expediency supports interest deductions for strategic group investments, while sufficient interest-free funds defeat borrowing-cost disallowances.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Functional comparability excludes branded, high-end and outsourced providers from BPO transfer-pricing benchmarking, sustaining adjustment deletion.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Section 80JJAA employee-cost deduction allowed for deployed staff but barred against transfer-pricing income enhancement, with pricing issues remanded.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Transfer-pricing methodology protects commercially genuine associated-enterprise payments, while pre-2016 secondary adjustments and related notional interest fail.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Negative liens over operating assets can constitute international transactions requiring arm's-length pricing reflecting restricted borrowing and expansion capacity.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Cost of acquisition includes one-time developer charges directly linked to acquiring residential property and its enduring amenities.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Beneficial treaty choice under section 90(2) permits capital-loss set-off and carry-forward despite India-Mauritius DTAA treatment.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Income Tax
Welfare-fund ceilings, absent exempt income, and customer-bill recoveries determine deductibility of employment-related business expenditure.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Customs
FSSAI food-conformity clearance limits customs reclassification and supports release without bank guarantee, pending fresh certification before sale.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Customs
Cross-examination rights in Customs Broker revocation inquiries require witness examination; procedural denial may be cured through fresh adjudication.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Customs
Interest on refunded investigation deposits runs from voluntary payment until refund, despite prompt refund-claim sanction.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Customs
AIFTA origin verification failures prevent preferential tariff denial and extended limitation for alleged certificate fraud.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Companies Law
Limitation for official liquidator claims extends through excluded winding-up time, preserving claims filed within the aggregate statutory period.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws SEBI
Competing open-offer timelines require announcement within fifteen working days; offer letters cannot reset the statutory clock.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws IBC
IBC moratorium does not shield directors or authorised signatories from cheque-dishonour prosecution for pre-moratorium acts.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws IBC
Resolution-plan finality extinguishes unsubmitted statutory dues and prevents recovery of pre-approval electricity-duty and mining demands.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Money Laundering
Substitution of attached property by fixed deposit remains discretionary, while statutory PMLA appeals ordinarily preclude writ intervention.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Money Laundering
Attachment of proceeds of crime can reach equivalent-value property, pre-offence assets, and property held by persons outside the predicate offence.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Money Laundering
Provisional attachment of officials' properties sustained where evidence linked them to diverted proceeds of unlawful investment schemes.
September 2, 2026   Case Laws Service Tax
Governmental authority status supports construction-service exemption, while pre-cutoff contract and stamp-duty compliance requires verification on remand.

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Customs

Applying the General Rules of Interpretation and Section XVI...

Principal Function Test confirms GPS radio navigational character, classifying the device as a radio navigational aid.

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Customs March 12, 2026 Case Laws AAR
Applying the General Rules of Interpretation and Section XVI Note 3, the principal-function test was used to classify a composite tracking device composed of a GPS receiver, sensors and a modem. The device's dominant commercial purpose and essential character derive from GPS-based determination of geographic position; sensors and modem were held ancillary because they supply supplementary metrics and relay GPS-derived data. Accordingly, the device is classifiable as radio navigational aid apparatus and assigned to tariff subheading 8526 91 90 as other radio navigational aid apparatus.
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Acts Income Tax
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