Business reorganisation requires recognition of successor's modified return; draft orders against dissolved transferor quashed and fresh review direct...
Pre-commencement R&D deduction denied where business had not commenced; deeming benefit requires tangible start of manufacture or commercial exploitat...
Reason to believe as an essential ingredient for imposing a penalty under section 112(b) is examined, with emphasis on corroboration failures and circumstantial indicators permitting an inference of prior knowledge rather than innocent carriage; the account's unverifiable intermediary, non traceable contact details and voluntary no objection to seizure supported that inference, sustaining the legal basis for penalty. The article also explains that judicial discretion may moderate penalty quantum on humanitarian and equitable grounds where confiscation and prosecution remain in place, resulting in reduced monetary penalties.
Reason to believe as an essential ingredient for imposing a penalty under section 112(b) is examined, with emphasis on corroboration failures and circumstantial indicators permitting an inference of prior knowledge rather than innocent carriage; the account's unverifiable intermediary, non traceable contact details and voluntary no objection to seizure supported that inference, sustaining the legal basis for penalty. The article also explains that judicial discretion may moderate penalty quantum on humanitarian and equitable grounds where confiscation and prosecution remain in place, resulting in reduced monetary penalties.
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