Governmental authority status supports construction-service exemption, while pre-cutoff contract and stamp-duty compliance requires verification on re...
Automated Free Sale and Commerce Certificates enable paperless processing while retaining risk-based manual verification for selected exporter applica...
Employee stock-shortage penalties do not constitute consideration for services, preventing GST collection under Schedule II in employment relationship...
Enforcement against a non-party security provider is permitted where the provider voluntarily issued a cheque as security for the disputed arbitrable liability; the court treated the undated cheque, corresponding to the tribunal claim, as a voluntary guaranty thereby exposing the issuer to enforcement of the foreign arbitral award and corrective award. The decision rejected a requirement to pierce the corporate veil because liability rested on the 2nd respondent's own undertaking; the 1st respondent's insolvency reinforced the necessity of enforcement against the security provider to prevent injustice. The appellate order allows enforcement jointly and severally against both respondents on the cheque basis.
Enforcement against a non-party security provider is permitted where the provider voluntarily issued a cheque as security for the disputed arbitrable liability; the court treated the undated cheque, corresponding to the tribunal claim, as a voluntary guaranty thereby exposing the issuer to enforcement of the foreign arbitral award and corrective award. The decision rejected a requirement to pierce the corporate veil because liability rested on the 2nd respondent's own undertaking; the 1st respondent's insolvency reinforced the necessity of enforcement against the security provider to prevent injustice. The appellate order allows enforcement jointly and severally against both respondents on the cheque basis.
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