Person chargeable with duty must be the importer at importation; subsequent purchasers cannot be held liable where beneficial owner rules did not appl...
Prohibited importation of cosmetics without prior regulatory registration attracts seizure and confiscation; warehousing or re export claims do not cu...
Provisional release on security permitted where cash deposit plus bond secures differential duty; classification and treaty benefits referred for deci...
Customs Valuation Rule Sequence must be followed; single-comparator re-determination and penalties set aside without comparability or proof of mis-dec...
Issue concerns tax treatment of employer payments to an insurer for a future annuity structured for the employee. The article applies the principle that perquisite taxation requires the employee to have a vested, due or enforceable right; contingent or non vested future entitlements are not taxable in the year of employer contribution. It reasons that taxing the employer's payment when the employee has no enforceable right would duplicate taxation because annuity instalments are later taxed on receipt or accrual. Outcome: employer contribution should not be taxed in the contribution year to avoid impermissible double taxation.
Issue concerns tax treatment of employer payments to an insurer for a future annuity structured for the employee. The article applies the principle that perquisite taxation requires the employee to have a vested, due or enforceable right; contingent or non vested future entitlements are not taxable in the year of employer contribution. It reasons that taxing the employer's payment when the employee has no enforceable right would duplicate taxation because annuity instalments are later taxed on receipt or accrual. Outcome: employer contribution should not be taxed in the contribution year to avoid impermissible double taxation.
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