Pre-trial bail granted where custodial period, documentary prosecution, and magistrate-triable offence favor release subject to surety and no witness ...
Allowability of Salary Exemptions: Form 16 entries can substantiate HRA and other salary exemptions, and home loan interest is deductible for a self-o...
Capital gains exemption: payment for plot, architect fees and bona fide commencement of construction can satisfy utilisation requirement and secure re...
Denial of exemption under sections 11 and 12 was sustained where the trust's receipts arose from government work contracts and not from donations or charitable activity; TDS under contract payments supported this commercial character. The article applies the charitable-purpose versus commercial-contract test and the incidental-business doctrine, finding contract income primary, not incidental, and absence of separate books fatal to exemption under the charitable activity definition. Use of trust funds for trustee benefit or payments on running account to specified persons attracts the prohibition on directing income to specified persons and loss of exemption with taxation at the maximum marginal rate.
Denial of exemption under sections 11 and 12 was sustained where the trust's receipts arose from government work contracts and not from donations or charitable activity; TDS under contract payments supported this commercial character. The article applies the charitable-purpose versus commercial-contract test and the incidental-business doctrine, finding contract income primary, not incidental, and absence of separate books fatal to exemption under the charitable activity definition. Use of trust funds for trustee benefit or payments on running account to specified persons attracts the prohibition on directing income to specified persons and loss of exemption with taxation at the maximum marginal rate.
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