Tariff classification determines GST schedule and rate; beverages in Schedule III attract the higher rate, tea extracts and syrups in Schedule I attra...
Fraudulent trading requires cogent evidence of intent to defraud; ordinary-course payments protected, except post-insolvency withdrawals must be resto...
Religious purpose exclusion versus charitable purpose: non overriding religious objects do not attract Explanation 3, registration directed under sect...
Issue estoppel applies in criminal proceedings where an earlier adjudication has distinctly raised or found the same issue, and parties are precluded from advancing legally inconsistent allegations; the court applied this principle to dismiss as barred a later complaint founded on the same letters and facts as an earlier complaint that was finally decided on merits as non-maintainable under company law. The earlier dismissal on merits operated as an estoppel against relitigation, and the subsequent complaint and related orders were quashed with the petition disposed of.
Issue estoppel applies in criminal proceedings where an earlier adjudication has distinctly raised or found the same issue, and parties are precluded from advancing legally inconsistent allegations; the court applied this principle to dismiss as barred a later complaint founded on the same letters and facts as an earlier complaint that was finally decided on merits as non-maintainable under company law. The earlier dismissal on merits operated as an estoppel against relitigation, and the subsequent complaint and related orders were quashed with the petition disposed of.
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