Unlawful outward remittances via Hawala using proforma invoices and electronic records proved; documents admitted, directors penalised, penalties redu...
Attachment of equivalent-value properties as proceeds of crime upheld; preventive attachment order and confirmation sustained; no independent ED reinv...
Broker trading-system "technical glitch" redefinition and narrowed incident-reporting regime for large IBT/STWT brokers requiring 2-hr notice and 14-w...
Dishonour of cheque prosecutions require direct involvement by individual officers to impose vicarious liability; independent and non executive directors who lack executive control and pecuniary interest are not in charge of company affairs and cannot be held liable absent specific nexus to the financial transactions, and summons against such directors were quashed. By contrast, a chief financial officer is part of key managerial personnel with primary responsibility for accounting and financial administration; liability for negotiable instrument dishonour was maintained against the CFO and his summons upheld.
Dishonour of cheque prosecutions require direct involvement by individual officers to impose vicarious liability; independent and non executive directors who lack executive control and pecuniary interest are not in charge of company affairs and cannot be held liable absent specific nexus to the financial transactions, and summons against such directors were quashed. By contrast, a chief financial officer is part of key managerial personnel with primary responsibility for accounting and financial administration; liability for negotiable instrument dishonour was maintained against the CFO and his summons upheld.
Note: It is a system-generated summary and is for quick reference only.