Benami transaction and beneficial ownership: documentary and circumstantial evidence show payors were true beneficiaries, resulting in PBPTA consequen...
Denial of Preferential Treatment under SAFTA overturned where unchallenged Country of Origin certificate warranted exemption under Notification benefi...
Continuing offence of money-laundering: discharge set aside and proceedings reinstated where laundering continued after inclusion of predicate offence...
Under the BNSS, 2023 the default procedure for offences punishable up to seven years is issuance of a notice under Section 35(3); arrest under Sections 35(1)(b) and 35(6) is discretionary and permissible only if an objective necessity exists and the officer has a recorded "reason to believe." Arrest after a notice may be effected only on materials and factors that arose after the notice was issued, not on those already present when the notice was issued, and must be exercised sparingly. Article 21 safeguards apply to arrest and investigation, and arrest cannot be used merely for convenience or to facilitate questioning.
Under the BNSS, 2023 the default procedure for offences punishable up to seven years is issuance of a notice under Section 35(3); arrest under Sections 35(1)(b) and 35(6) is discretionary and permissible only if an objective necessity exists and the officer has a recorded "reason to believe." Arrest after a notice may be effected only on materials and factors that arose after the notice was issued, not on those already present when the notice was issued, and must be exercised sparingly. Article 21 safeguards apply to arrest and investigation, and arrest cannot be used merely for convenience or to facilitate questioning.
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