Pre-commencement R&D deduction denied where business had not commenced; deeming benefit requires tangible start of manufacture or commercial exploitat...
Priority of set-off: brought forward business losses must be adjusted before unabsorbed depreciation; procedural safeguards required for invoking rest...
Penalty under section 270A is examined in light of whether liability arises from under-reporting or misreporting. The tribunal emphasises that under-reporting requires a settled legal obligation to report income; where survey occurs before year end and the return is filed within prescribed time with accepted returned income, under-reporting is absent and penalty cannot be sustained. Misreporting conditions must be specifically fulfilled before invoking that limb; absence of specification and failure to meet misreporting criteria render the penalty unsustainable, with a binding Gujarat HC ratio relied upon.
Penalty under section 270A is examined in light of whether liability arises from under-reporting or misreporting. The tribunal emphasises that under-reporting requires a settled legal obligation to report income; where survey occurs before year end and the return is filed within prescribed time with accepted returned income, under-reporting is absent and penalty cannot be sustained. Misreporting conditions must be specifically fulfilled before invoking that limb; absence of specification and failure to meet misreporting criteria render the penalty unsustainable, with a binding Gujarat HC ratio relied upon.
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