Benami transaction and beneficial ownership: documentary and circumstantial evidence show payors were true beneficiaries, resulting in PBPTA consequen...
Denial of Preferential Treatment under SAFTA overturned where unchallenged Country of Origin certificate warranted exemption under Notification benefi...
Continuing offence of money-laundering: discharge set aside and proceedings reinstated where laundering continued after inclusion of predicate offence...
Operational creditor sought admission of a s.9 application based on invoices, relying on book adjustments and ledger entries to extend limitation and meet the threshold. The tribunal held that any acknowledgement after expiry of the three-year limitation is ineffective, and a journal entry merely transferring historic liabilities between units does not constitute a valid acknowledgement under s.18 nor revive time-barred invoices. A signed balance/ledger confirmation, being ambiguous and lacking an express promise to pay, did not attract s.25(3) of the Contract Act to create a fresh obligation, and interest was disallowed absent contractual terms. Consequently, the operational debt remained time-barred and the threshold finding stood; the appeal was dismissed. - NCLAT
Operational creditor sought admission of a s.9 application based on invoices, relying on book adjustments and ledger entries to extend limitation and meet the threshold. The tribunal held that any acknowledgement after expiry of the three-year limitation is ineffective, and a journal entry merely transferring historic liabilities between units does not constitute a valid acknowledgement under s.18 nor revive time-barred invoices. A signed balance/ledger confirmation, being ambiguous and lacking an express promise to pay, did not attract s.25(3) of the Contract Act to create a fresh obligation, and interest was disallowed absent contractual terms. Consequently, the operational debt remained time-barred and the threshold finding stood; the appeal was dismissed. - NCLAT
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