Benami transaction and beneficial ownership: documentary and circumstantial evidence show payors were true beneficiaries, resulting in PBPTA consequen...
Denial of Preferential Treatment under SAFTA overturned where unchallenged Country of Origin certificate warranted exemption under Notification benefi...
Continuing offence of money-laundering: discharge set aside and proceedings reinstated where laundering continued after inclusion of predicate offence...
Clutch Master Cylinder and Concentric Slave Cylinder were examined for classification as linear-acting cylinders under CTH 8412 or as motor vehicle parts under CTH 8708. Applying the functional utility and predominant use test, and recognizing that end-use is a relevant aid in tariff classification, the goods were held to be specifically used as clutch components of motor vehicles, warranting classification as parts of clutches under CTI 87089300. The request to treat the ruling as confidential was rejected because no technical, proprietary, or commercially sensitive information was disclosed and the product details were already available in the public domain. - AAR
Clutch Master Cylinder and Concentric Slave Cylinder were examined for classification as linear-acting cylinders under CTH 8412 or as motor vehicle parts under CTH 8708. Applying the functional utility and predominant use test, and recognizing that end-use is a relevant aid in tariff classification, the goods were held to be specifically used as clutch components of motor vehicles, warranting classification as parts of clutches under CTI 87089300. The request to treat the ruling as confidential was rejected because no technical, proprietary, or commercially sensitive information was disclosed and the product details were already available in the public domain. - AAR
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