Search and seizure: abatement of earlier search bars use of prior seized material in later search-based assessments; relief limited to new documents f...
Admission of additional evidence under remand rules must await a meaningful remand report; failure to do so breaches natural justice and mandates rema...
Export Obligation Discharge Certificates for EPCG compliance cannot be questioned by Customs unless DGFT adjudicates and cancels them, so demands quas...
Graphene cleared in a carrier medium (e.g., masterbatch or solvent) raises the issue whether it is classifiable as graphene under HSN 38019000 or by reference to the carrier. Applying Rule 3(b) of the General Rules for Interpretation, the product must be classified according to the component imparting its essential character; graphene, though functionally significant, merely enhances properties and does not displace the carrier's commercial and technical identity. Accordingly, no fixed heading was ruled in advance, and classification is to be determined at the time of clearance based on composition, predominant character, function, and market perception - AAR
Graphene cleared in a carrier medium (e.g., masterbatch or solvent) raises the issue whether it is classifiable as graphene under HSN 38019000 or by reference to the carrier. Applying Rule 3(b) of the General Rules for Interpretation, the product must be classified according to the component imparting its essential character; graphene, though functionally significant, merely enhances properties and does not displace the carrier's commercial and technical identity. Accordingly, no fixed heading was ruled in advance, and classification is to be determined at the time of clearance based on composition, predominant character, function, and market perception - AAR
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