Necessary-party requirements limit impleadment of independent entities, while deferred consideration does not create an appealable adverse determinati...
Food supplement classification requires common parlance and authoritative tests, preventing treatment as proprietary Ayurvedic medicines without suppo...
Specified regulatory authority income receives conditional tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return f...
Tax exemption for regulatory authority income applies retrospectively, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and return-filing...
Input tax credit conditions remain constitutionally valid, with eligible recipient claims considered under GST circulars and retrospective filing dead...
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The accused successfully rebutted the mandatory presumption u/s 139 of the Negotiable Instruments Act by raising a probable defence and bringing in suspicious circumstances regarding the consideration of the cheque. The complainant failed to remove such suspicion by tendering a satisfactory explanation. The HC upheld the accused's acquittal by the trial court, affirming the presumption of innocence, as the complainant failed to prove the consideration as a matter of fact after the onus shifted.
The accused successfully rebutted the mandatory presumption u/s 139 of the Negotiable Instruments Act by raising a probable defence and bringing in suspicious circumstances regarding the consideration of the cheque. The complainant failed to remove such suspicion by tendering a satisfactory explanation. The HC upheld the accused's acquittal by the trial court, affirming the presumption of innocence, as the complainant failed to prove the consideration as a matter of fact after the onus shifted.
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