Defined public benefit can retain charitable character; registration renewal requires examining genuine activities and legal compliance, not surplus a...
Capital reduction is distinct from share buy-back, preventing buy-back tax; restructuring interest and related business deductions also survive scruti...
Transfer pricing and tax deductions upheld on established principles, while employee contributions and warranty provisions returned for fresh examinat...
Captive transfer pricing relies on industrial consumer tariffs, while genuine quotations can benchmark effluent treatment transfers under the Other Me...
Specific tariff classification for ophthalmic instruments and extended limitation principles determine the treatment of duty demands, confiscation, an...
Medical negligence requires proving the medical professional lacked requisite qualification, skill or failed to exercise reasonable care. Mere unfavorable outcome or failed treatment does not establish negligence unless evidence shows the doctor failed to exercise due skill possessed. The complainant did not adduce evidence to prove the doctor lacked expertise or failed to exercise reasonable competence. No expert testimony established the doctor's failure to exercise requisite skill. Applying res ipsa loquitur doctrine without such evidence is improper. The consumer forum erred in finding negligence and awarding compensation without sufficient proof of the doctor's failure to exercise due care and skill.
Medical negligence requires proving the medical professional lacked requisite qualification, skill or failed to exercise reasonable care. Mere unfavorable outcome or failed treatment does not establish negligence unless evidence shows the doctor failed to exercise due skill possessed. The complainant did not adduce evidence to prove the doctor lacked expertise or failed to exercise reasonable competence. No expert testimony established the doctor's failure to exercise requisite skill. Applying res ipsa loquitur doctrine without such evidence is improper. The consumer forum erred in finding negligence and awarding compensation without sufficient proof of the doctor's failure to exercise due care and skill.
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