Fair-rent assessment requires consideration of lease terms, valuation principles and prevailing market rent; the certificate was quashed for fresh rev...
Document Identification Number compliance is satisfied when electronically communicated orders are promptly authenticated through a correctly identifi...
Industrial shrimp-feed machinery classification follows its commercial function, placing integrated production plants under the specific industrial fo...
Dishonor of cheque - presumption that cheque was issued in discharge of legal liability, burden on accused to prove contrary. Supreme Court observations: While deciding appeal against acquittal, High Court should see if evidence was properly appreciated, finding illegal or affected by error of law/fact, and if trial court's view was possible based on material. Presumption of innocence gets concretized on acquittal, higher threshold to rebut in appeal. Accused did not prove cheque issued as security. Statement of account showed subsisting liability when cheque issued. Blank cheque can be filled by holder if liability exists as per Bir Singh case. Once presumption drawn, onus shifts to accused as per Rohit bhai case. Complaint cannot be dismissed for want of evidence on debt/liability if cheque dishonored for account closed as per Rohit bhai case. Notice deemed served if refused as per C.C. Alavi case. Ingredients of Section 138 satisfied, trial court erred in acquitting accused. Judgment set aside, accused convicted u/s 138.
Dishonor of cheque - presumption that cheque was issued in discharge of legal liability, burden on accused to prove contrary. Supreme Court observations: While deciding appeal against acquittal, High Court should see if evidence was properly appreciated, finding illegal or affected by error of law/fact, and if trial court's view was possible based on material. Presumption of innocence gets concretized on acquittal, higher threshold to rebut in appeal. Accused did not prove cheque issued as security. Statement of account showed subsisting liability when cheque issued. Blank cheque can be filled by holder if liability exists as per Bir Singh case. Once presumption drawn, onus shifts to accused as per Rohit bhai case. Complaint cannot be dismissed for want of evidence on debt/liability if cheque dishonored for account closed as per Rohit bhai case. Notice deemed served if refused as per C.C. Alavi case. Ingredients of Section 138 satisfied, trial court erred in acquitting accused. Judgment set aside, accused convicted u/s 138.
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