Authentication of paper assessment orders upheld, while qualifying repairs, consumables and vendor advance write-offs remain deductible business claim...
Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Income from commercial information or output generated by accessing the assessee's software does not constitute Fees for Included Services (FIS) under Article 12(4)(b) of the tax treaty. The services provided are not highly technical in nature, as they merely involve transferring commercial information to the end-user without imparting any technical knowledge, design, process, or plan that provides an enduring benefit. The agreement explicitly states that all rights and tests of the application remain with the assessee, and the end-users are not given access to the source code, which constitutes technical knowledge under Article 12(4)(b). The 'make available' clause is not satisfied, as the contract only grants temporary access to the software during the subscription period, and the customer content is deleted upon expiry. The decision is in favor of the assessee.
Income from commercial information or output generated by accessing the assessee's software does not constitute Fees for Included Services (FIS) under Article 12(4)(b) of the tax treaty. The services provided are not highly technical in nature, as they merely involve transferring commercial information to the end-user without imparting any technical knowledge, design, process, or plan that provides an enduring benefit. The agreement explicitly states that all rights and tests of the application remain with the assessee, and the end-users are not given access to the source code, which constitutes technical knowledge under Article 12(4)(b). The 'make available' clause is not satisfied, as the contract only grants temporary access to the software during the subscription period, and the customer content is deleted upon expiry. The decision is in favor of the assessee.
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