Defined public benefit can retain charitable character; registration renewal requires examining genuine activities and legal compliance, not surplus a...
Capital reduction is distinct from share buy-back, preventing buy-back tax; restructuring interest and related business deductions also survive scruti...
Transfer pricing and tax deductions upheld on established principles, while employee contributions and warranty provisions returned for fresh examinat...
Captive transfer pricing relies on industrial consumer tariffs, while genuine quotations can benchmark effluent treatment transfers under the Other Me...
Specific tariff classification for ophthalmic instruments and extended limitation principles determine the treatment of duty demands, confiscation, an...
Integrated golf function determines classification, placing launch monitors and simulators under other golf equipment rather than measuring instrument...
The court dismissed the appeal against the arbitrator's decision not to levy liquidated damages due to the failure to plead and demonstrate legal injury. The court held that liquidated damages are no different from unliquidated damages, and in both cases, the aggrieved party must demonstrate legal injury. Liquidated damages represent the maximum amount payable, but u/s 74 of the Contract Act, reasonable compensation must be paid. Since there were no pleadings regarding the imposition of liquidated damages, no leave could be granted at the second stage of scrutiny. The appeal was dismissed, and costs were quantified at Rs. 20,000/-.
The court dismissed the appeal against the arbitrator's decision not to levy liquidated damages due to the failure to plead and demonstrate legal injury. The court held that liquidated damages are no different from unliquidated damages, and in both cases, the aggrieved party must demonstrate legal injury. Liquidated damages represent the maximum amount payable, but u/s 74 of the Contract Act, reasonable compensation must be paid. Since there were no pleadings regarding the imposition of liquidated damages, no leave could be granted at the second stage of scrutiny. The appeal was dismissed, and costs were quantified at Rs. 20,000/-.
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