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Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Dishonour of Cheque - The High Court observed that, the presumption under Section 139 of the N.I. Act is a presumption of law, as distinguished from the presumption of facts. Presumptions are rules of evidence and do not conflict with the presumption of innocence, which requires the Prosecution to prove the case against the Accused beyond reasonable doubt - The burden of proof was however on the person who wanted to rebut the presumption. - The court found that the applicant's attempts to rebut the presumption were unsuccessful. The evidence supported the transaction that led to the issuance of the cheques, and the applicant's defense was deemed not credible.
Dishonour of Cheque - The High Court observed that, the presumption under Section 139 of the N.I. Act is a presumption of law, as distinguished from the presumption of facts. Presumptions are rules of evidence and do not conflict with the presumption of innocence, which requires the Prosecution to prove the case against the Accused beyond reasonable doubt - The burden of proof was however on the person who wanted to rebut the presumption. - The court found that the applicant's attempts to rebut the presumption were unsuccessful. The evidence supported the transaction that led to the issuance of the cheques, and the applicant's defense was deemed not credible.
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