Electronic WhatsApp evidence without authentication or independent corroboration cannot sustain an unexplained-investment addition based on third-part...
Mutual current-account transactions excluded from deemed dividend treatment where no fresh borrowing arose; unsupported unsecured-loan addition also f...
Disallowance u/s. 40(A)(2)(b) - excessive salary payment - payment to close associates / related parties - AO can disallow only that portion of the total expenditure, which in his opinion, is excessive or unreasonable. The onus is on the AO to form an opinion that the expenditure claimed as excessive/unreasonable having regard to the fair market value for which the payment is made. This opinion of the AO cannot be arbitrary but must be on the basis of determining the fair market value for which payment is made. - AT
Disallowance u/s. 40(A)(2)(b) - excessive salary payment - payment to close associates / related parties - AO can disallow only that portion of the total expenditure, which in his opinion, is excessive or unreasonable. The onus is on the AO to form an opinion that the expenditure claimed as excessive/unreasonable having regard to the fair market value for which the payment is made. This opinion of the AO cannot be arbitrary but must be on the basis of determining the fair market value for which payment is made. - AT
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