Bona fide cash accounting for unpaid loan interest permits exclusion of accrued but unrealised income when consistently disclosed.

Doctrine of election barred inconsistent ownership claims, while testamentary office permission created no life interest or possessory right.

Data transmission equipment classification under CTSH 8517 62 remains distinct from residual classification, with exemption evidence requiring scrutin...

Aluminium formwork classification turns on its on-site shuttering function, supporting treatment as aluminium structures rather than moulds.

Aluminium formwork used as concrete shuttering is classified as aluminium structures, not as moulds for concrete articles.

Customs valuation: proven under-invoicing sustains duty and confiscation, while provisional assessments require lawful finalisation before consequenti...

Sole or principal use classification placed imported floating seals under machinery-parts heading, defeating extended-period customs consequences.

Roasted nut classification follows specific Chapter 20 entries, while preferential duty depends on establishing prescribed originating status.

Semi-manufactured gold classification under Heading 7108 permits conditional ASEAN tariff preference without displacing separate import-policy restric...

Section 7 insolvency admission proceeds despite unfinalised compromise proposals, settlement talks and pending counterclaims where financial debt and ...

Proportional disciplinary suspension requires hearings on unrelated assignments; creditor committees retain discretion to replace resolution professio...

Limitation for insolvency applications defeated proceedings despite valid partner authorisation and advances qualifying as financial debt.

SEZ service-tax exemption for authorised operations survives procedural refund restrictions, allowing refunds where specified services support approve...

Cheque dishonour presumptions survive cash-loan reporting breaches, while rebuttal requires more than a bare denial of liability.

Non-arbitrability of company restructuring disputes requires NCLT adjudication, permitting supervisory intervention and ending arbitration concerning ...

Scientific research approval enables eligible donation treatment, subject to annual reporting compliance and donor certificate requirements.

Capital asset transfer under an approved public sector restructuring plan is notified as not regarded as a taxable transfer.

Special Rupee Vostro Accounts enable INR trade settlement and permissible cross-border transactions under consolidated operational instructions.

Natural justice breach from portal-only notice required restoration of the GST appeal for merits adjudication without further pre-deposit.

Advance-ruling jurisdiction excludes completed transactions and cannot affirm tax positions already implemented in statutory returns.