Minimum alternate tax does not apply to statutory bodies outside the Companies Act, leaving book-profit disallowance challenge unsustainable.

Reassessment based on inapplicable share-transaction information fails when disclosed intraday profit does not match the recorded reopening reasons.

Surplus interest-free funds rebut interest disallowance, while section 14A computations cannot alone increase minimum alternate tax book profit.

Electronic filing delay in charitable trust audit reporting warranted condonation where genuine hardship arose from clerical omission.

Market value for captive electricity consumption follows industrial consumer tariffs, supporting profit computation for the power generation deduction...

Unverifiable purchases warrant only embedded-profit estimation when accepted sales and records show actual goods were procured.

Reasonable cause for journal-entry loan transfers can protect genuine restructuring transactions from penalties for prescribed loan acceptance modes.

Commercial nexus of facilitation services supports deduction of commission expenditure against income from other sources.

Reassessment limitation for pre-2021 assessment years invalidated a belated notice, while unsupported share-sale cash-credit additions were deleted.

Cash repayment of explained family loans between spouses warranted reasonable cause, requiring deletion of the repayment penalty.

Business expenditure deductibility covers independent brand promotion and unreimbursed inventory price-drop margin losses where commercially genuine a...

Pre-2021 reassessment limitation survives amended regime, invalidating notices issued after the former statutory time limit expires.

Third-party loose sheets require independent corroboration before supporting unexplained investment additions for alleged on-money property purchases.

BOT annuity rights are not depreciable intangible assets, while project-cost amortisation may follow provisional completion certification.

Provisional release of seized imports requires enhanced duty payment, bank guarantee and disclosures while customs adjudication proceeds independently...

Strict construction of textile duty exemptions excludes omitted schedule entries, while disclosed import claims cannot trigger extended limitation.

Certificate of Origin verification procedures governed preferential customs exemption, rendering denial of treaty benefits and consequential penalty u...

In rem liability of a conveyance survives absent owner penalty, while driver penalty for diversion of smuggled goods stands.

Personal guarantor liability permits SARFAESI enforcement despite corporate debtor CIRP where no guarantor insolvency application is pending.

Financial debt requires disbursement for time value of money; a flat allotted against service dues creates no financial creditor status.