Transfer pricing comparability under TNMM: foreign exchange loss on ECB excluded from operating cost, and a functionally dissimilar comparator removed...
Fake AI-generated precedents vitiate adjudication, with unverified citations contaminating the decision-making process and undermining the rule of law...
Protective assessment converted as substantive assessment – when there are two assessments, one on protective basis and other on substantial basis, it is always advisable to adjudicate both the issues simultaneously - AT
Protective assessment converted as substantive assessment – when there are two assessments, one on protective basis and other on substantial basis, it is always advisable to adjudicate both the issues simultaneously - AT
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