Contempt for breach of an undertaking requires a clear, express...

Contempt for breach of an undertaking requires a clear, express and unambiguous commitment that demonstrates a firm obligation to act or refrain from acting. A statement merely clarifying that a proposed acquisition would not proceed does not, without more, constitute an undertaking enforceable through contempt. Foreign money decrees of superior courts in reciprocating territories may be prima facie executable in India, with comity of nations relevant at the interlocutory stage. Where corporate transactions and changes of control indicate possible asset dissipation, interim protection and adequate security may be maintained pending execution. Questions concerning veil lifting and the liability of family-controlled entities remain for determination in execution proceedings.