AIFTA Certificates of Origin may be rejected only through...

AIFTA Certificates of Origin may be rejected only through compliance with the domestic verification safeguards in Rules 7(c) and 7(d); suspected fraud does not remove those requirements under Rule 23. Delayed, partial verification and an unauthenticated foreign finding of non-authenticity, without origin test reports, signature evidence or authenticated underlying material, do not establish fraudulent origin or justify denial of preferential tariff treatment. Extended limitation for customs recovery requires proof of the importer's positive collusion, wilful misstatement or suppression, including conscious participation in certificate falsification. Non-culpatory statements and absent evidence of knowledge or fraud do not sustain duty, interest or penalties under the extended period.