Educational approval requires mandatory State registration, but incidental surplus and trustee-owned land do not prove private benefit or profit motiv...
Judicial review of settlement orders cannot reopen settled customs notices, while statutory interest remains subject to verification and quantificatio...
Customs Broker licence lending for consideration justified revocation where exporter authorisation and client verification obligations were also breac...
Operational debt may arise from an advance paid for goods where a consortium agreement assigns supply obligations to the corporate debtor and other evidence establishes the commercial nexus; an invoice is not indispensable. Receipt of the advance, cheques issued by the corporate debtor, and a later withdrawn invoice supported characterisation as payment for supplies rather than an unsupported security deposit. A pre-existing dispute must exist before the demand notice; post-notice objections and account-reconciliation assertions do not suffice. The insolvency application was revived for admission, subject to a time-bound opportunity for the corporate debtor to prove payment.
Operational debt may arise from an advance paid for goods where a consortium agreement assigns supply obligations to the corporate debtor and other evidence establishes the commercial nexus; an invoice is not indispensable. Receipt of the advance, cheques issued by the corporate debtor, and a later withdrawn invoice supported characterisation as payment for supplies rather than an unsupported security deposit. A pre-existing dispute must exist before the demand notice; post-notice objections and account-reconciliation assertions do not suffice. The insolvency application was revived for admission, subject to a time-bound opportunity for the corporate debtor to prove payment.
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