Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Necessary-party requirements limit impleadment of independent entities, while deferred consideration does not create an appealable adverse determinati...
Food supplement classification requires common parlance and authoritative tests, preventing treatment as proprietary Ayurvedic medicines without suppo...
Club membership and subscription expenditure is deductible where its business purpose and nexus are established; an ad hoc disallowance requires identification of particular personal or non-business payments, resulting in deletion of the club-expense disallowance. Where own funds exceed exempt-income investments and borrowings serve specified business purposes, investments are presumed funded from own funds, eliminating interest disallowance under section 14A. Administrative disallowance must have a rational nexus to, and cannot exceed, exempt income. Internal handover, capitalisation and deployment records can establish that machinery was put to use, supporting depreciation and additional depreciation. Electrical installations integral to manufacturing machinery qualify as plant and machinery for additional depreciation. Both appeals were partly allowed.
Club membership and subscription expenditure is deductible where its business purpose and nexus are established; an ad hoc disallowance requires identification of particular personal or non-business payments, resulting in deletion of the club-expense disallowance. Where own funds exceed exempt-income investments and borrowings serve specified business purposes, investments are presumed funded from own funds, eliminating interest disallowance under section 14A. Administrative disallowance must have a rational nexus to, and cannot exceed, exempt income. Internal handover, capitalisation and deployment records can establish that machinery was put to use, supporting depreciation and additional depreciation. Electrical installations integral to manufacturing machinery qualify as plant and machinery for additional depreciation. Both appeals were partly allowed.
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