Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Necessary-party requirements limit impleadment of independent entities, while deferred consideration does not create an appealable adverse determinati...
Food supplement classification requires common parlance and authoritative tests, preventing treatment as proprietary Ayurvedic medicines without suppo...
Competing mortgage priorities in liquidation fall within the Adjudicating Authority's jurisdiction where determining encumbrances and liquidation-estate assets is necessary for custody, verification and realisation. Earlier second pari-passu charges moved into priority after discharge of the first mortgage; a later independent simple mortgage remained subordinate under the chronological priority rule, and assignees obtained no better rights than their assignor. Non-registration did not create or defeat the underlying charge as between parties and persons with notice. Failure to elect timely realisation of subordinate security outside liquidation caused the security interest to be treated as part of the liquidation estate, supporting dismissal of the assignee's claim and delivery of title deeds to the Liquidator.
Competing mortgage priorities in liquidation fall within the Adjudicating Authority's jurisdiction where determining encumbrances and liquidation-estate assets is necessary for custody, verification and realisation. Earlier second pari-passu charges moved into priority after discharge of the first mortgage; a later independent simple mortgage remained subordinate under the chronological priority rule, and assignees obtained no better rights than their assignor. Non-registration did not create or defeat the underlying charge as between parties and persons with notice. Failure to elect timely realisation of subordinate security outside liquidation caused the security interest to be treated as part of the liquidation estate, supporting dismissal of the assignee's claim and delivery of title deeds to the Liquidator.
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