Food supplement classification requires common parlance and authoritative tests, preventing treatment as proprietary Ayurvedic medicines without suppo...
Specified regulatory authority income receives conditional tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return f...
Tax exemption for regulatory authority income applies retrospectively, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and return-filing...
Input tax credit conditions remain constitutionally valid, with eligible recipient claims considered under GST circulars and retrospective filing dead...
Bogus donation receipts justified commission income assessment and defeated political-party tax exemption for inaccurate accounts and reporting failur...
Article 289(1) immunises the property and income of a State from Union taxation, overriding an inconsistent charge under the Income-tax Act. A State-controlled conservation society, governed and staffed by State functionaries, financially and functionally dependent on the State, and discharging environmental conservation obligations linked to Article 48A, falls within State instrumentality principles. Statutory, ring-fenced conservation funds and incidental interest constitute public funds held in trust rather than ordinary commercial receipts. Such income cannot be charged to tax, and tax-recovery action lacks jurisdiction. Bank-account attachment for recovery under the Income-tax Act was therefore unsustainable and quashed.
Article 289(1) immunises the property and income of a State from Union taxation, overriding an inconsistent charge under the Income-tax Act. A State-controlled conservation society, governed and staffed by State functionaries, financially and functionally dependent on the State, and discharging environmental conservation obligations linked to Article 48A, falls within State instrumentality principles. Statutory, ring-fenced conservation funds and incidental interest constitute public funds held in trust rather than ordinary commercial receipts. Such income cannot be charged to tax, and tax-recovery action lacks jurisdiction. Bank-account attachment for recovery under the Income-tax Act was therefore unsustainable and quashed.
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