Commercial vehicle depreciation, scientifically determined warranty provisions and exempt-income disallowances were resolved in favour of the taxpayer...
Inherited property sale proceeds require capital-gains treatment where ownership is supported by evidence, not suspicion or unverified signature doubt...
Cross-examination of retracted statements is essential where foundational evidence supports a benami allegation and documented funding explanations re...
Capital-goods exemption covers plant-modernisation accessories, while the import restriction applies only to earlier capital-goods components and spar...
Constitutional judicial review permits challenges to ECIRs and connected money-laundering proceedings where coercive action affects fundamental intere...
Ophthalmic binocular surgical microscopes are classified under tariff heading 9018 because they are specialised instruments for eye examination and surgery, and the relevant explanatory notes exclude them from heading 9011 for compound optical microscopes. Heading 9012, covering non-optical microscopes and related scientific apparatus, does not apply. As goods under heading 9018, these microscopes fall within Entry No. 483 of Schedule I to Notification No. 09/2025-Central Tax (Rate) and attract GST at 5 per cent.
Ophthalmic binocular surgical microscopes are classified under tariff heading 9018 because they are specialised instruments for eye examination and surgery, and the relevant explanatory notes exclude them from heading 9011 for compound optical microscopes. Heading 9012, covering non-optical microscopes and related scientific apparatus, does not apply. As goods under heading 9018, these microscopes fall within Entry No. 483 of Schedule I to Notification No. 09/2025-Central Tax (Rate) and attract GST at 5 per cent.
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