Authentication of paper assessment orders upheld, while qualifying repairs, consumables and vendor advance write-offs remain deductible business claim...
Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Ophthalmic binocular surgical microscopes are classified under tariff heading 9018 because they are specialised instruments for eye examination and surgery, and the relevant explanatory notes exclude them from heading 9011 for compound optical microscopes. Heading 9012, covering non-optical microscopes and related scientific apparatus, does not apply. As goods under heading 9018, these microscopes fall within Entry No. 483 of Schedule I to Notification No. 09/2025-Central Tax (Rate) and attract GST at 5 per cent.
Ophthalmic binocular surgical microscopes are classified under tariff heading 9018 because they are specialised instruments for eye examination and surgery, and the relevant explanatory notes exclude them from heading 9011 for compound optical microscopes. Heading 9012, covering non-optical microscopes and related scientific apparatus, does not apply. As goods under heading 9018, these microscopes fall within Entry No. 483 of Schedule I to Notification No. 09/2025-Central Tax (Rate) and attract GST at 5 per cent.
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