Specified regulatory authority income receives conditional tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return f...
Tax exemption for regulatory authority income applies retrospectively, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and return-filing...
Input tax credit conditions remain constitutionally valid, with eligible recipient claims considered under GST circulars and retrospective filing dead...
Bogus donation receipts justified commission income assessment and defeated political-party tax exemption for inaccurate accounts and reporting failur...
Pure reimbursement without income element escapes tax withholding, while delayed withholding and unsupported provisions face deferred or renewed scrut...
Public benefit requirement defeats charitable registration where residents' association services are reciprocal, member-only facilities governed by mu...
Article 32 may be invoked to quash criminal proceedings to prevent abuse of process, and the availability of an alternative remedy does not itself bar jurisdiction. However, direct recourse is ordinarily inappropriate where remedies under Article 226 or Section 482 CrPC are available, unless fundamental-right infringement or exceptional circumstances are shown. On the same-transaction test, multiple FIRs cannot continue for one incident or connected offences forming a single transaction, but may proceed for distinct occurrences. Cyber-fraud complaints involving separate inducements, victims, transactions and consequences were treated as prima facie distinct; a common modus operandi or fund transfers alone did not justify clubbing or a composite investigation.
Article 32 may be invoked to quash criminal proceedings to prevent abuse of process, and the availability of an alternative remedy does not itself bar jurisdiction. However, direct recourse is ordinarily inappropriate where remedies under Article 226 or Section 482 CrPC are available, unless fundamental-right infringement or exceptional circumstances are shown. On the same-transaction test, multiple FIRs cannot continue for one incident or connected offences forming a single transaction, but may proceed for distinct occurrences. Cyber-fraud complaints involving separate inducements, victims, transactions and consequences were treated as prima facie distinct; a common modus operandi or fund transfers alone did not justify clubbing or a composite investigation.
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