Admissibility of electronic evidence bars undervaluation demands where printouts, retracted statements and no cross-examination leave the case unprove...
Limitation in oppression and mismanagement proceedings: prior knowledge of removal and dilution barred the challenge, with valuation directions upheld...
Insolvency professional agency governance rules amended to add nominee directors, tighten independent director eligibility, and regulate managing dire...
Diamond grading and certification payments to non-resident laboratories are analysed as consideration for independent examination and reporting of a diamond's physical characteristics, rather than managerial, technical or consultancy services. The use of specialised personnel or equipment does not alone convert such payments into fees for technical services. Under the India-USA and India-UK treaty provisions on fees for included services, a grading report does not "make available" technical knowledge, skill, know-how or a process because it does not enable the recipient to conduct future grading independently. In the absence of a permanent establishment, the payments are discussed as business profits not chargeable to tax in India, with no related withholding obligation.
Diamond grading and certification payments to non-resident laboratories are analysed as consideration for independent examination and reporting of a diamond's physical characteristics, rather than managerial, technical or consultancy services. The use of specialised personnel or equipment does not alone convert such payments into fees for technical services. Under the India-USA and India-UK treaty provisions on fees for included services, a grading report does not "make available" technical knowledge, skill, know-how or a process because it does not enable the recipient to conduct future grading independently. In the absence of a permanent establishment, the payments are discussed as business profits not chargeable to tax in India, with no related withholding obligation.
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