Bona fide disclosure requirements govern under-reporting penalties, and post-penalty immunity applications cannot secure available statutory protectio...
Certificate-of-origin verification procedure governs preferential customs benefits; denial without retroactive verification was set aside with consequ...
Disciplinary Committee jurisdiction and mandatory investigation requirements invalidated cancellation of an insolvency professional's registration and...
Retention of seized property survives where recorded reasons support proceeds of crime, while stayed investigation periods are excluded from limitatio...
Satellite transponder service payments are discussed as consideration for standard communication services rather than royalty where the customer obtains no right to use, possess, operate or control the satellite, transponder or underlying process. The note states that a retrospective domestic-law expansion of royalty cannot unilaterally broaden the more beneficial India-USA treaty definition, which requires autonomous interpretation under international treaty principles. It further explains that withholding applies only to remittances chargeable to tax in the recipient's hands; consequently, payments not taxable as royalty under the treaty do not trigger a withholding obligation.
Satellite transponder service payments are discussed as consideration for standard communication services rather than royalty where the customer obtains no right to use, possess, operate or control the satellite, transponder or underlying process. The note states that a retrospective domestic-law expansion of royalty cannot unilaterally broaden the more beneficial India-USA treaty definition, which requires autonomous interpretation under international treaty principles. It further explains that withholding applies only to remittances chargeable to tax in the recipient's hands; consequently, payments not taxable as royalty under the treaty do not trigger a withholding obligation.
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