Tariff classification of vehicle gear components follows the specific gearing entry, displacing motor-vehicle parts classification and related liabili...
Necessary-party requirements limit impleadment of independent entities, while deferred consideration does not create an appealable adverse determinati...
Food supplement classification requires common parlance and authoritative tests, preventing treatment as proprietary Ayurvedic medicines without suppo...
Specified regulatory authority income receives conditional tax exemption, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income character, and return f...
Tax exemption for regulatory authority income applies retrospectively, subject to non-commercial activity, unchanged income sources, and return-filing...
Personal liberty governs bail assessment for economic offences punishable up to seven years: arrest and continued custody require compelling justification and cannot rest solely on the seriousness of alleged tax evasion. The text notes that courts should apply the triple test, including risks of absconding, influencing witnesses, or obstructing proceedings, while considering whether investigation can continue without incarceration. Where the complaint was filed, charges were framed, a co-accused was on bail, and witnesses were official witnesses unlikely to be influenced, continued custody was considered unwarranted. Bail was granted subject to bond and court-imposed conditions.
Personal liberty governs bail assessment for economic offences punishable up to seven years: arrest and continued custody require compelling justification and cannot rest solely on the seriousness of alleged tax evasion. The text notes that courts should apply the triple test, including risks of absconding, influencing witnesses, or obstructing proceedings, while considering whether investigation can continue without incarceration. Where the complaint was filed, charges were framed, a co-accused was on bail, and witnesses were official witnesses unlikely to be influenced, continued custody was considered unwarranted. Bail was granted subject to bond and court-imposed conditions.
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