Capital reduction is distinct from share buy-back, preventing buy-back tax; restructuring interest and related business deductions also survive scruti...
Transfer pricing and tax deductions upheld on established principles, while employee contributions and warranty provisions returned for fresh examinat...
Captive transfer pricing relies on industrial consumer tariffs, while genuine quotations can benchmark effluent treatment transfers under the Other Me...
Specific tariff classification for ophthalmic instruments and extended limitation principles determine the treatment of duty demands, confiscation, an...
Integrated golf function determines classification, placing launch monitors and simulators under other golf equipment rather than measuring instrument...
Public servant status under anti-corruption law extends to recognised stock exchange leadership; constitutional and sanction challenges do not succeed...
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Statutory limits on the composition of a Micro and Small Enterprises Facilitation Council are mandatory: a Council must comprise three to five members, and a body exceeding that limit lacks jurisdiction to render an award. The notes explain that awards of a Facilitation Council ordinarily follow the arbitral set-aside mechanism, subject to the statutory pre-deposit requirement. However, writ jurisdiction may be exercised exceptionally despite that alternative remedy where the Council's constitution is ultra vires, the award is void for inherent lack of jurisdiction, or there is no valid award in law. An award and consequential review order made by an improperly constituted Council were quashed, with remittal to a duly constituted Council for fresh adjudication.
Statutory limits on the composition of a Micro and Small Enterprises Facilitation Council are mandatory: a Council must comprise three to five members, and a body exceeding that limit lacks jurisdiction to render an award. The notes explain that awards of a Facilitation Council ordinarily follow the arbitral set-aside mechanism, subject to the statutory pre-deposit requirement. However, writ jurisdiction may be exercised exceptionally despite that alternative remedy where the Council's constitution is ultra vires, the award is void for inherent lack of jurisdiction, or there is no valid award in law. An award and consequential review order made by an improperly constituted Council were quashed, with remittal to a duly constituted Council for fresh adjudication.
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