Authentication of paper assessment orders upheld, while qualifying repairs, consumables and vendor advance write-offs remain deductible business claim...
Transaction value cannot be rejected solely on non-statutory valuation guidelines without corroborative evidence supporting reassessment of final cust...
Cross-examination rights and corroborated evidence limit customs penalties for misdeclaration in genuine import transactions involving documented clea...
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Vicarious liability of directors for cheque dishonour under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act requires specific averments showing how and in what manner each director was in charge of, and responsible for, the company's business. A general statement that all directors managed daily affairs is insufficient, particularly where the complaint neither assigns an individual role nor identifies the cheque signatory. The notes state that absent these foundational allegations, proceedings against a non-signatory director amount to abuse of process and may be quashed insofar as that director is concerned.
Vicarious liability of directors for cheque dishonour under Section 141 of the Negotiable Instruments Act requires specific averments showing how and in what manner each director was in charge of, and responsible for, the company's business. A general statement that all directors managed daily affairs is insufficient, particularly where the complaint neither assigns an individual role nor identifies the cheque signatory. The notes state that absent these foundational allegations, proceedings against a non-signatory director amount to abuse of process and may be quashed insofar as that director is concerned.
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